[109장] except (for), besides, apart form, but for

1. except 또는 except for 의 쓰임

except는 일반적으로 ~를 제외하고 ~한 따라서 단지 ~일 뿐인 이라는 뜻을 나타냅니다.

ex) I had no money to give him except (for) the few coins in my pocket.

      The price of the holiday includes all meals except (for) lunch.

      Everyone seemed to have been invited except (for) Mrs Woodford and me.

그러나 경우에 따라서 except for를 사용해야만 하는 경우가 있습니다. except for 이후에

 

나오는 말과 주절 간의 말이 전혀 다를때 즉 진실이 아닐때 사용합니다.

ex) The car was undamaged in the accident, except for a broken headlight.

      The room was completely dark except for light coming under the door.

      Except for the weather, the holiday couldn't have been better.

그러나 except만을 사용해야하는 경우도 있습니다. 다음의 경우에는 except 만을 사용합니다. 다른 전치사나, to 부정사나 원형 부정사, 그리고 that절 앞에서는 except만 사용가능합니다.

ex) There is likely to be rain everywhere today except in Scotland.

       I rarely need to go into the city centre except to do some shopping.

      There is nothing more the doctor can do except keep an eye on him.

      They look just like the real thing except (that) they are made of plastic.

2. except (for) 와 besides

except for는 ~만의 only의 뜻입니다. 그러나 besides는 덧붙여서 라는 뜻입니다.

ex) I don't enjoy watching any sports except (for) cricket.

      Besides cricket, I enjoy watching football and basketball.

       I haven't read anything written by her, except (for) one of her short stories.

      Besides her novels and poems, she published a number of short stories.

이 두가지 단어를 위치에 따라 포괄 할 수 있는 구문이 apart from입니다.

e) I don't enjoy watching any sports apart from cricket.

     Apart from cricket, I enjoy watching football and basketball.

 

3. but, but for의 사용

but은 except 와 비슷한 뜻으로 사용할 수 있습니다. 특히 no, nobody, nothing 등의 부정어구와 같이 사용됩니다.

ex) Immediately after the operation he could see nothing but / except (for) / apart from vague shadows.

      There was no way out but / except (for) / apart from upwards, towards the light.

그러나 but for는 엄연히 다른 뜻을 나타냅니다. but for는 가정법으로써 ~가 없었다면 ~할뻔했다란 뜻입니다. 다음 예문을 보세요.

ex) The country would now be self-sufficient in food but for the drought last year.

      But for his broken leg he would probably have been picked for the national team by now.

주로 but for는 부정문에 except for는 긍정문에 많이 사용됩니다.